Тенденції компетентнісно орієнтованої професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців в університетах України

Abstract

(ua) У статті проаналізовано сучасні проблеми освітньої політики в цілому та окреслено стратегії підготовки майбутніх фахівців й тенденції компетентнісно орієнтованої професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців в університетах України як її компонента. Акцентовано, що компетентнісний підхід є головним напрямом оновлення професійної освіти в сучасному світі, який забезпечує діяльнісну позицію в освітньому процесі, що сприяє становленню досвіду цілісного системного бачення професійної діяльності, системних дій у ній, вирішення нових проблем і завдань.(en) The article analyzes the current problems of educational policy in general and outlines the strategies for training future professionals and trends in competency-based training of future professionals in Ukrainian universities as its component. It is emphasized that the competence approach is the main direction of renewal of vocational education in the modern world, which provides a position in the educational process, which contributes to the experience of a holistic systemic vision of professional activity, systemic actions in it, solving new problems and tasks. Analysis of the works of leading scientists of today shows a significant interest in the problems of formation and development of professional competence in higher education, the application of the competence approach in the formation of future professionals; characteristics of competence in the education of foreign countries, the emergence and formation of a competency approach. The vector of higher education development makes it possible to identify a range of trends that confirm the transformation and allow to predict certain changes and design appropriate actions. Among them, we focus on those that are a direct indicator of changes in the organization and construction and conduct of the educational process in higher education institutions, in particular in universities: the accumulation of knowledge; gender policy; humanitarian knowledge; use of available resources; development of paradigms; development of scientific activity; development of the world ICT market; ethno-national processes; media globalization; development of the socio-cultural situation in society; innovation and investment activities, etc. This, of course, is not a complete list, but it is these positions that define the broad panorama of approaches that characterize modern university education. Сompetence (competency) is a dynamic combination of knowledge, skills, values and personal qualities that describe the learning outcomes of the educational / curriculum and is the basis of the qualification of the graduate. Competencies are considered as the powers given to a person, the range of official (and other) rights and responsibilities. Thus, when talking about the implementation of the competency approach, we must outline the expected / obtained learning outcomes in accordance with the assigned qualifications.