Методичні основи навчання елементам комп’ютерної графіки молодших школярів із легким порушенням інтелектуального розвитку

Abstract

(ua) Стаття присвячена методичним основам навчання елементам комп’ютерної грамотності молодших школярів із легким порушенням інтелектуального розвитку. Автори акцентують увагу, що наразі в Україні вивчення інформатичної освітньої галузі молодшими школярами із легким порушенням інтелектуального розвитку не ведеться. В той же час формування елементів комп’ютерної грамотності, зокрема вивчення комп’ютерної графіки, є посильним для таких учнів за умови урахування особливостей когнітивного мислення таких учнів.(ru) Статья посвящена методическим основам обучения элементам компьютерной грамотности младших школьников с легким нарушением интеллектуального развития. Авторы акцентируют внимание, что сейчас в Украине изучения информатической отрасли образования младшими школьниками с легким нарушением интеллектуального развития не ведется. В то же время формирование элементов компьютерной грамотности, в частности изучение компьютерной графики, является посильным для таких учеников, но с учетом особенностей когнитивного мышления таких учеников.(en) There is no doubt that in addition to perfect command of the native language, time requires from a young person and computer literacy, acquaintance with modern information technology. The computer, which has confidently and reliably taken its rightful place among all other traditional school subjects, as well as in the life of modern man, is actively implemented at the initial stage of a child's education. Disputes over the content of computer science itself as a school subject and its place in the main and variable components of the curriculum only increase its versatility. The use of a standard program in computer science and simulators, allows you to build the educational process of primary school, taking into account age and individual characteristics, the more it is necessary for inclusive education. The article is devoted to the methodological bases of teaching elements of computer literacy of junior schoolchildren with mild intellectual disabilities. The authors emphasize that currently in Ukraine the study of the information education sector by junior schoolchildren with mild intellectual disabilities is not conducted. At the same time, the formation of elements of computer literacy, in particular the study of computer graphics, is feasible for such students, given the peculiarities of the cognitive thinking of such students. The use of computers in the education of primary school students is not the only task of the computer science course. At present, experiments on the introduction of information and communication technologies in subject teaching are being actively conducted, traditional methods are being rethought, teaching concepts are being developed, and the pedagogical conditions for forming the basic concepts of the computer science course are being revised. However, it is not yet established what impact specific methods of activity can have on the structure of educational activities of primary school children with mild intellectual disabilities, which may contribute to the formation of computer literacy in grades 2-4 to prepare children with special needs. The study of computer science and the use of ICT in inclusive education promotes the development of skills and abilities of students with mental and physical disabilities to use a variety of information about the world, the ability to apply modern methods of accumulation, storage, retrieval and processing of information based on telecommunications networks. The teacher must also adapt to the individual opportunities and individual pace of learning, comfortable for such children.