Розвиток педагогічної освіти в Україні у 20-30-і роки ХХ століття

Abstract

(uk) У статті розглядаються особливості розвитку педагогічної освіти в Україні. У 20-і роки в Україні до вищих навчальних закладів відносилися інститути народної освіти та педагогічні технікуми. З уніфікацією системи освіти у всьому СРСР (1929 р.) в Україні до вищої педагогічної освіти належали інститути соціального виховання, педагогічні інститути професійної освіти, з 1933 р. – педагогічні інститути (з чотирирічним терміном навчання), з 1935 р. – учительські інститути (з дворічним терміном навчання).(ru) В статье рассматриваются особенности развития педагогического образования в Украине. В 20-е годы к высшим учебным заведениям относились институты народного образования и педагогические техникумы. С унификацией системы образования во всем СССР (1929 г.) в Украине высшее педагогическое образование представляли институты социального воспитания, педагогические институты профессионального образования, с 1933 г. – педагогические институты (с четырехлетним сроком обучения), с 1935 г. – учительские институты (с двухлетним сроком обучения).(en) The distinctive feature of pedagogical education in Ukraine in the 1920s was that the institutes of people’s education and pedagogical technical schools, which included higher three year pedagogical courses, dominated as higher educational establishments. The institutes of people’s education were formed on the basis of former universities and teacher training institutes and had the following faculties. The faculty of social education trained the higher level of proficiency officials for social education institutions like kindergartens, orphanages, schools. The faculty of professional education aimed to prepare workers and teachers of vestibule and partially technical schools. The faculty of political education was to educate members of political educational institutions taking into account the specific character of conducting organizational, propaganda and cultural educational work. Faculties of social education were established in all the Institutes of people’s education while faculties of professional education only in those which were formed on the basis of former universities. Following the unification of higher education in the USSR (1929) higher pedagogical education in Ukraine included institutes of social education, pedagogical institutes of vocational education, physicochemical and mathematical institutes, institutes of linguistic education and institutes of physical culture. Since 1933 some of the institutes of social education and vocational training were being reorganized into pedagogical institutes with four year studying and starting with 1935 there were established teachers’ institutes with two year studying. Much attention was paid to teaching in the native languages of different people living in Ukraine at that time and training the corresponding teachers. In Kirovohrad (former Yelisavethrad and Zinov’yevsk) in 1920–1930s there existed higher three year pedagogical courses (1921–1925), pedagogical technical school (1925–1929), Institute of social education (1929–1933), pedagogical (1933–1937, since1929) and teachers’ (since 1935) institutes which teachers for primary and secondary schools.