Професійна адаптація соціального педагога: теоретичний аспект

Abstract

(uk) У статті розглядаються загальні підходи до визначення поняття адаптації та адаптаційних процесів, регуляторами яких є: мотиви, знання, навички та вміння, воля, здібності. Дається тлумачення поняття професійної адаптації як специфічного виду адаптивних процесів. Обґрунтовуються специфічні особливості професійної діяльності соціального педагога. Визначено, що важливу роль в професійній адаптації соціального педагога відіграють мотивація, самооцінка, самоставлення і професійна Я-концепція. Результатом професійної адаптації соціального педагога є професійна адаптованість фахівця.(ru) В статье рассматриваются общие подходы к определению понятия адаптации и адаптационных процессов, регуляторами которых являются: мотивы, знания, навыки и умения, воля, способности. Дается толкование понятия профессиональной адаптации как специфического вида адаптивных процессов. Обоснованы специфические особенности профессиональной деятельности социального педагога. Определено, что важную роль в профессиональной адаптации социального педагога играют мотивация, самооценка, самоотношение и профессиональная Я-концепция. Результатом профессиональной адаптации социального педагога является профессиональная адаптированность специалиста.(en) General approaches to the definition of the concept of adaptation and adaptive processes, the regulators of which are: motives, knowledge, will, skills and abilities have been considered in the article. The interpretation of the concept of professional adaptation as a specific type of adaptive processes is given. It is determined that professional adaptation is multifunctional. First, it is a prerequisite and, at the same time, a means of optimizing human interaction with professional activities and the professional environment. Second, it promotes human development and is an integral part of professional development of the individuality. Thirdly, it is necessary in mastering any professional activity by a person. In addition, the specific features of the professional activity of the social pedagogue, who is an intermediary in the system of interaction between the individual and the society, have been substantiated. According to his professional purpose, the social educator focuses on identifying and overcoming negative phenomena. The basic characteristics of social pedagogues and social workers, regardless of profile and specialization have been outlined in the article, based on the practical experience of social work. An important role in the professional adaptation of a social teacher is motivation, self-esteem, self-reliance and professional «I-concept». In particular, in the context of personal professional adaptation, motivation for success and motivation for the fear of failure have been highlighted; approaches to the implementation of the professional «I-concept»: the real («which I am a specialist») and the ideal («whatever I would like to be a specialist») have been revealed. The approaches to professional self-evaluation and self-reliance of the social pedagogue are determined. Self-reliance is described as the general orientation and «a sign of the person’s attitude to himself». Self-esteem is a specific evaluative expression of self-reliance, which often appears even quantitatively. The operational-activity and personal aspects have been selected in the structure of professional self-evaluation, as well as the self-assessment of the result (related to the evaluation of the achieved result of activity and reflects satisfaction-dissatisfaction with achievements) and self-assessment of a potential (related to the assessment of their own professional potential, their capabilities and reflects, thus, belief in oneself and selfconfidence). The result of the professional adaptation of a social teacher is the professional adaptation of a specialist which is characterized by a positive psycho-emotional state, readiness for professional activity, which is expressed in: positive internal motivation of professional activity, positive attitude to professional environment, positive professional «I-concept».