Питання сучасної зброї масового ураження при вивченні цивільного захисту, безпеки життєдіяльності та охорони праці в галузі
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Дата
2023
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
РВВ ЦДПУ ім. В.Винниченка
Анотація
(ua) У статті розглянуто особливості викладання питань про сучасні види зброї масового ураження при вивченні цивільного захисту, безпеки життєдіяльності та охорони праці в галузі, як необхідного елементу вдосконалення освітнього процесу в умовах повномасштабної довготривалої війни з країною-агресором-терористом РФ. Показано особливості компоновки й подачі лекційного матеріалу про біологічну та хімічну зброю масового ураження за їх основними компонентами і конкретними актуальними прикладами застосування проти комбатантів і цивільного населення. Наведено сучасний стан стратегічних ядерних сил основних країн "Ядерного клубу" (Сполучених Штатів Америки, Російської Федерації, Китайської Народної Республіки, Франції, Великобританії, Індії) та основні тактикотехнічні характеристики їх сухопутних і морських компонент "ядерної тріади", як самих небезпечних видів зброї, що можуть навіть при "локальному" застосуванні призвести до повномасштабних катастрофічних наслідків, в тому числі до "Ядерної осені" та "Ядерної зими".
(en) The article deals with the peculiarities of teaching issues about modern types of weapon of mass destruction in the study of civil protection, safety of life and labor protection in the industry, as a necessary element of improvement of the educational process in the conditions of a full-scale long-term war with the country-aggressor-terrorist Russian Federation. The peculiarities of layout and lecture material on biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction by their main components and specific topical examples of use against combatants and civilians are shown. The current state of strategic nuclear forces of the main countries of "Nuclear club" (United States, Russian Federation, People's Republic of China, France, The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, India) and the main tactical and technical characteristics of their dry and marine components of "nuclear triad" as the most dangerous types Weapons that can lead to full-scale catastrophic consequences, including "Nuclear autumn" and "Nuclear winter", even to "local" use. It is stated that in 2021 the total expenses of the countries of the world for nuclear weapons have already reached $ 85 billion. In the first place in terms of expenses for maintaining its nuclear arsenal is the United States – $ 45 billion. The United States is planned to spend $ 550 billion in the 1922-2040 years. In the second place of the PRC, which spends up to $ 12 billion every year, and launched a long-term program of modernization and qualitative improvement of the nuclear arsenal. In the third place of the Russian Federation, which spends up to $ 9 billion on the maintenance and re-equipment of its strategic and tactical nuclear forces. The following are: UK – up to $ 7 billion; France – up to $ 6 billion; India – up to $ 2.5 billion; Israel – up to $ 1.5 billion; Pakistan – up to $ 1.2 billion; and DPRK – up to $ 0.7 billion. This nine actual "Nuclear club" member countries can have up to 24,000 nuclear and thermonuclear warlouses in its arsenal, the total explosion capacity of which is equivalent to the explosion force of more than 10 billion tons of TNT: the USA is ~ 11,000 warriors; Russian Federation – ~ 10 thousand warriors; China – ~ 1,5 thousand warriors; France – ~ 400 warriors; UK – ~ 250 warriors; Israel – ~ 200 warriors; India – ~ 200 warriors; Pakistan – ~ 165 warriors; DPRK – ~ 60 warriors. At the same time, only in the US and the Russian Federation together there are up to 21 thousand nuclear and thermonuclear warheads, the power of the explosion of many of which is much exceeding the power of the explosion of atomic bombs, dumped on 6 and 9 August 1945 by US aviation in Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. They also consider the possibility of preventive nuclear stroke "low -power" (<50 CT) of the battleships on command centers and strategic objects of the enemy for "only paralyzing damage".
(en) The article deals with the peculiarities of teaching issues about modern types of weapon of mass destruction in the study of civil protection, safety of life and labor protection in the industry, as a necessary element of improvement of the educational process in the conditions of a full-scale long-term war with the country-aggressor-terrorist Russian Federation. The peculiarities of layout and lecture material on biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction by their main components and specific topical examples of use against combatants and civilians are shown. The current state of strategic nuclear forces of the main countries of "Nuclear club" (United States, Russian Federation, People's Republic of China, France, The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, India) and the main tactical and technical characteristics of their dry and marine components of "nuclear triad" as the most dangerous types Weapons that can lead to full-scale catastrophic consequences, including "Nuclear autumn" and "Nuclear winter", even to "local" use. It is stated that in 2021 the total expenses of the countries of the world for nuclear weapons have already reached $ 85 billion. In the first place in terms of expenses for maintaining its nuclear arsenal is the United States – $ 45 billion. The United States is planned to spend $ 550 billion in the 1922-2040 years. In the second place of the PRC, which spends up to $ 12 billion every year, and launched a long-term program of modernization and qualitative improvement of the nuclear arsenal. In the third place of the Russian Federation, which spends up to $ 9 billion on the maintenance and re-equipment of its strategic and tactical nuclear forces. The following are: UK – up to $ 7 billion; France – up to $ 6 billion; India – up to $ 2.5 billion; Israel – up to $ 1.5 billion; Pakistan – up to $ 1.2 billion; and DPRK – up to $ 0.7 billion. This nine actual "Nuclear club" member countries can have up to 24,000 nuclear and thermonuclear warlouses in its arsenal, the total explosion capacity of which is equivalent to the explosion force of more than 10 billion tons of TNT: the USA is ~ 11,000 warriors; Russian Federation – ~ 10 thousand warriors; China – ~ 1,5 thousand warriors; France – ~ 400 warriors; UK – ~ 250 warriors; Israel – ~ 200 warriors; India – ~ 200 warriors; Pakistan – ~ 165 warriors; DPRK – ~ 60 warriors. At the same time, only in the US and the Russian Federation together there are up to 21 thousand nuclear and thermonuclear warheads, the power of the explosion of many of which is much exceeding the power of the explosion of atomic bombs, dumped on 6 and 9 August 1945 by US aviation in Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. They also consider the possibility of preventive nuclear stroke "low -power" (<50 CT) of the battleships on command centers and strategic objects of the enemy for "only paralyzing damage".
Опис
Ключові слова
цивільний захист, безпека життєдіяльності та охорона праці, зброя масового ураження, civil protection, safety and labor protection, weapon of mass destruction
Бібліографічний опис
Ткачук А. І. Питання сучасної зброї масового ураження при вивченні цивільного захисту, безпеки життєдіяльності та охорони праці в галузі / Андрій Іванович Ткачук, Ольга Василівна Пуляк // Наукові записки цдпу. Серія: Педагогічні науки : зб. наук. праць / МОН України, Кіровоград. держ. пед. ун-т ім. В. Винниченка. - Кропивницький : РВВ ЦДПУ ім. В. Винниченка, 2023. - Вип. 208. – С. 239-245.