Партійно-державна монополізація видавничої справи України в 20-ті роки ХХ століття

Abstract

(uk) У статті аналізується процес формування і зміцнення системи командно-адміністративного впливу партійно-радянських органів на видавничу справу в Україні. Окрему увагу автор приділив висвітленню централізації видавничої системи в республіці, пов’язаної зі згортанням НЕПу, ринкових відносин і запровадженням планово-директивної моделі економіки.(ru) В статье анализируется процесс формирования и укрепления системы командно-административного влияния партийно-советских органов на издательское дело в Украине. Отдельное внимание автор уделяет освещению централизации издательского дела в республике, связанной с ликвидацией НЭПа, рыночных отношений и внедрением планово-директивной модели экономики.(en) In the article on the basis of analysis of activity of public institutions, social and political and public organizations, an author comes to the conclusion, that she was one of major component parts of process of national and cultural revival of Ukraine in 20th of ХХ of century. A basic tendency in development of publishing business in a republic was creation of a number of profile typifying publishing houses that was specialized on producing of literature of certain socialclass and age-old orientation. An only exception in this case was DVU, that during 20th throughout the year remained an universal publishing house, although in his activity a certain accent was done on producing of textbooks and socio-economic literature. In the period of new economic Policy self-supporting principles were stopped up in industry of publishing activity. however public policy of administrative, economically groundless price-cutting on the politicized printed products with the aim of her more wide distribution in the thicket of the folk masses, from one side and deficit of the proper amount of money for liquidation moral, and sometimes and physical threadbare polydiene equipment on the other hand, did financial dependence party-soviet to the sector of publishing houses from the state permanent, converting credits into a grant. The feature of self-supporting relations in the conditions of new economic Policy consisted in the attempt of the state to influence on activity economically independent private publishing to the sector by means of administratively-command levers, that resulted an eventual end in their force liquidation on the border of 20th-30th. With rolling up of new economic Policy at the end of 20th and proceeding in the command administrative methods of guidance the publishing association of Ukraine, that meant establishment actually of total party-state control after publishing business in a republic, was created State.