Теоретичні основи критеріїв сформованості ціннісних орієнтацій майбутніх учителів музики

Abstract

(uk) Статтю присвячено проблемі формування ціннісних орієнтацій майбутніх вчителів музики в процесі фахової підготовки. Розглянуто критерії виявлення стану сформованості ціннісних орієнтацій, узгоджені з компонентною структурою означеного феномену та визначення рівнів їх сформованості.(ru) Статья посвящена проблеме формирования ценностных ориентаций будущих учителей музыки в процессе специальной подготовки Рассмотрены критерии определения состояния сформированности ценностных ориентаций, которые соответствуют компонентной структуре определенного феномена и определения уровней их сформированости.(en) The article is devoted to the problem of formation of value orientations of future music teachers in the process of professional preparation. The criteria of revealing the state of formation of value orientations, consistent with the component structure of the identified phenomenon and determining the levels of their formation are considered. Value orientations are formed on the basis of the system of values of the person and are the most important element in the structure of personality. They reflect the selective, subjective attitude of the individual towards objective phenomena or objects. The importance of the individual depends on how he assimilates and realizes the achievements of the practice of society and manifests in it his individual abilities. The need for radical reform of education today is often associated with the idea of reviving the principle of the priority of spiritual values over the material and economic ones. This requires that in each of the available pedagogical students the system of values and the problem of their formation should be specially investigated. The reason that hinders the formation of correct value orientations is that the higher spiritual values of humankind began to play an increasingly important role in modern life, but to satisfy only primitive needs at the level of «pseudo-values». That is why the value-oriented, active, personal approach to the upbringing of young people is an important condition for the formation of value orientations of a person embodied in the forms of socialpedagogical practice. Any work of human activity realizes the value aspect, but it becomes valuable only when it satisfies a certain need. Interest in certain needs is a prerequisite for evaluation. Lack of need makes assessment impossible. Thus, the assessment combines the potential value of the phenomenon or object with the needs and interests of the subject. The assessment assumes the existence of the basis or criterion against which the evaluation takes place. This is justified by the need to determine the value of an object or standard, a norm that compares an object with a fixed pattern. Thus, the act of evaluation involves a comparison of two realities - spiritual and material.