Робота з віршами на уроці німецької мови

Abstract

(uk) У даній статті розглядаються способи дидактизації роботи з поетичними творами на уроці німецької мови у закладах загальної середньої освіти. Зокрема, акцентується увага на важливості та необхідності використання віршів у навчальному процесі, враховуючи їх позитивний вплив на учнів у плані естетичного виховання. З практичною метою поетичні твори використовуються для постановки вимови, ілюстрації і запам’ятовування граматичного матеріалу, розвитку мовлення, навчання виразного читання.(ru) В данной статье рассматриваются способы дидактизации работы с поэтическими произведениями на уроке немецкого языка в учреждениях общего среднего образования. В частности, акцентируется внимание на важности и необходимости использования стихов в учебном процессе, учитывая их позитивное воздействие на учеников в плане эстетического воспитания. С практической целью поэтические произведения используются для постановки произносительных навыков, для иллюстрации и запоминания грамматического материала, для развития речи, обучения выразительному чтению.(en) At the present stage of educational reform, it is important to find effective ways and methods of teaching foreign languages, including German. One of these effective learning techniques is the use of poetic materials. The article deals with the methods of didacticization of work with poetic works in the German language lesson in general secondary education institutions. The purpose of teaching foreign languages is not only acquisition of knowledge, the formation of pupils’ skills in various types of speech activity, but also the complex assimilation of their knowledge of national-cultural and aesthetic character, the knowledge of values of another national culture through examples of poetic creativity. Criteria for selecting poems are offered. In particular, the article focuses on the importance and necessity of using poems in the educational process, taking into account their positive impact on pupils in terms of aesthetic education. They should arouse the pupils’ interest in learning the language and impart cultural values. The poem form is more conductive to studying both acoustically and visually. It impresses a certain order, despite the various possibilities of expressing the content of the poem. For practical purposes, poetic works in the German language lesson are used to formulate pronunciation, illustration and memorization of grammatical material, word-forming elements, the development of speech and teaching expressive reading. The article gives examples of the use of rhyming works to work out difficult phonemes, to work on thematically directed material, with a subsequent conversation on the topic of the poem and its discussion. The authors also point to the need to learn poems in German by heart, since this type of work helps to improve pupils’ attention span, enrich their vocabulary and comprehensive personality development. Much attention is paid to the peculiarities of the organization of work with poems in the older stage, when studying program topics related to culture, art, literature. At this stage it is advisable to delve more into the analysis of poems to draw pupils’ attention to the phonological and phonosemantic means used by the author. In particular, the peculiarities of work with poetic works in the terms of their phonostylistics analysis are noted in order to convey the content of the poem, its influence on the thoughts and feelings of the reader through the sound design of the text.