Сутність ономастичної номінації

Abstract

(uk) У статті проаналізовано специфіку ономастичної номінації і процес трансформації власної назви у складі фразеологічних одиниць. У семантичному плані функціонально переорієнтований онім виражає цілісне уявлення про об'єкт номінації, набуває узагальнений сенс і експресивність і, як наслідок, перестає функціонувати як позначення конкретної людини чи об’єкта.(en) The article deals with the pressing problems which are typical for study of phraseological units with proper names components. This is testified by increasing attention of Ukrainian and foreign theoreticians to this topic, as they contribute to the study of the basic methods of analysis of onomastic nomination and the mechanisms of onyms recomprehension as phraseological units’ components. The main purpose of the paper is to investigate the essence of onomastic nomination and to state the role and functions of the onomastic components in the phraseological units. The article focuses on the types of onomastic nomination. There have been ascertained the leading role of onomastic component in phraseological significance’ formation and explored their semantic peculiarities in phraseological units. The speech modifications of the units under analysis have been considered. The system relations in the sphere of phraseological units with onyms have been studied. It's been discovered that the onomastic component of phraseological unit preserves the semantic links with the corresponding proper name in the speech and language and due to that it motivates the meaning of the phraseologism. The semantic meaning of the proper name in the general phraseological meaning depends on the degree of the phraseologism idiomacy. The national and international features of phraseologisms are not always conditioned by the character of the onomastic component. The phraseological units with proper names, coinciding with common for many languages structural-semantic models, have international features.